This body of work offers the depth of knowledge dok model employed to analyze. It can be applied to learning expectations, instructional prompts, and assessment items alike. Depth of knowledge dok forms another important perspective of cognitive complexity. Depth of knowledge levels explained and sample test items. Webb s depth of knowledge more questioning streams to assist you. Blooms taxonomy and depth of knowledge dok rethinking.
Our team helps you use the lens of dok to evaluate your assessments, curricula, and instructional materials to work toward optimal alignment so all students have the opportunity to reach. December 5, 2014 blooms taxonomy and depth of knowledge are two popular conceptual learning frameworks. The outcome product is the focus of the depth of understanding. Four levels of depth of knowledge are used for this analysis. The examples herein are drawn from several classroomtested dok tools. Ive created a depth of knowledge chart that corresponds to each of the core content areas. Webbs depth of knowledge was created by norman webb from the wisconsin center for education research. However, verbs alone do not describe the depth of knowledge.
Cognitive rigor is the superposition of bloom s taxonomy and webb s depth of knowledge levels and is used to categorize the level of abstraction of questions and activities in education. Applying webbs depth of knowledge dok levels in social studies karin k. Webb s depth of knowledge dok depth of knowledge or dok is another type of framework used to identify the level of rigor for an assessment. Norman webbs depth of knowledge flips the focus to the cognitive aspects the students must exercise to move through an item and adequately address a question. Norman webb, who has refuted the graphic and discourages its use to determine the depth of knowledge demanded by academic standards, lessons, and assessments. The importance of depth of knowledge dok goes beyond the objectives.
Depth of knowledge dok adapted from the model used by norman webb, university of wisconsin, to align standards with assessments used by the council of chief state school officers ccsso for assessment alignment in more than ten states. Teachers need to examine if their required student work and activities are keeping students engaged in activity or engaged in learning. Norman webb developed the dok to categorize activities according to the level of complexity in thinking. Applying webbs depthofknowledge dok levels in reading karin k. You may have learned about norman webbs depth of knowledge dok from a theoretical standpoint, but many teachers feel theyre missing a puzzle piece. Rigor alternative module using webbs depth of knowledge 6 key concepts key concepts interpret wholenumber quotients of whole numbers, e.
Webbs depth of knowledge dok model looks at the cognitive expectations within academic standards, curricular activities, and instructional learning tasks. Understanding depth of knowledge and cognitive complexity. Feel free to skip this section if youre familiar with the theory. Thats because there are hurdles to consistently applying each of the pedagogys four levels in your classroom, from recall and reproduction to extended critical thinking. Webbs depth of knowledge by david christopher on prezi. Rigor alternative module using webbs depth of knowledge. Requires reasoning, developing plan or a sequence of steps, some complexity, more than one possible answer. Depth of knowledge in mathematics dok 1 recalling information dok 2 skills and concepts dok 3 strategic thinking dok 4 extended thinking applying a formula. Norman webbs depth of knowledge levels, can serve as resources for understanding the connections between career readiness standards and learning at each developmental stage. Verb examples that represent each level in webb s depth of knowledge can be found in the information that follows. Using webbs depth of knowledge levels in the classroom. Applying webbs depthofknowledge dok levels in social. Webbs depth of knowledge recall of a fact, information, or level 1 procedure. Webb, wisconsin center for educational research depth of knowledge levels for four content areas, march 28, 2002, interpreting and assigning depth of knowledge levels to both objectives within standards and assessment items is an essential requirement of alignment.
Both blooms taxonomy and webb s depth of knowledge have made a significant impact on teaching and education. Norman webbos depthofknowledge dok schema has become one of the key tools educators can employ to analyze the cognitive demand complexity intended by the standards, curricular activities, and assessment tasks. Level of complexity measures a students depth of knowledge. The dok wheel does not accurately depict what depth of knowledge is. Professional development depth of knowledge dok training. In my district, we have been using karen hess cognitive rigor matrix to map out our learning events in our ubd units this matrix allows you to map out your. Blooms taxonomy seem to emphasize the categorization of tasks in a way that corresponds with students thinking levels e,g knowing, understanding, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating. Webb s depth of knowledge dok provides a vocabulary and a frame of reference when thinking about students and how they engage with the content. Level 4 dok requires extended thinking usually requires work over a period of time, including gathering information, analyzing findings, preparing reports, and presenting findings. Norman webb and flip chart developed by myra collins depth of knowledge level 3.
Webb depthofknowledge levels for four content areas, march 28, 2002, interpreting and assigning depthofknowledge levels to both objectives within standards and assessment items is an essential requirement of alignment analysis. Based on a 1997 monograph, webbs depth of knowledge categorizes contexts prompts, scenarios and challenges into four levels. It exists before students ever cross the school threshold, and this disadvantage can greatly affect their educational progress and success. Students provide support for reasoning, apply complex and. Level learner action key actions sample question stems question numbersportfolio. Young children may be expected to master lowlevel skills, such as cognitive understanding or attention span persistence, for example. These examples of using dok in the fine arts pdf, 102kb. Maverik education llc provides professional development, guidance, and support on how to support educators in implementing depth of knowledge and utilizing webb s depth of knowledge levels in their instruction and assessments. At the heart of college and career readiness is the need to increase the level of rigor in our classrooms. For example, instructional activities on how to label the parts of a fish will look much different than instruction on how to design a plan to address invasive fish. The depth of knowledge model has been highly popularized in the public education system.
Norman webb, the developer of depth of knowledge dok, we promote effective and accurate use of this innovative language system. Using practical examples and easy to implement strategies, learn how to use dok in your planning, questions, and unit design. Putting dok into practice with hess cognitive rigor matrix. Nov 21, 2016 webb s depth of knowledge dok model looks at the cognitive expectations within academic standards, curricular activities, and instructional learning tasks. This course will provide a foundation for understanding depth of knowledge and how to apply it to your instruction. However, verbs alone do not determine the depth of knowledge. They both approach the learning process from relatively different stands. The bestknown work in this area, that of norman webb 1997, 1999, compelled states to rethink the meaning of test alignment to include both the content assessed in a test item and the depth to which we expect. The webbs depth of knowledge ceiling context and the driving questions at the top of each ceiling provides administrators, teachers, and hopefully even students and parents an understanding of how deeply and extensively students will be expected to demonstrate and communicate their learning. In this lesson youll learn about webb s depth of knowledge levels and how they can be utilized to plan or enhance lessons in the classroom. Dok and bloom for math and science dok and bloom for ela dok refers to cognitive complexity. Organizing and displaying data in charts, graphs, and tables.
While both have very similar applications, they are distinct and different in many ways. Understanding webb s depth of knowledge dok provides teachers with another tool as they plan instruction and assessments with a focus on rigor and relevance. Using webbs depth of knowledge to increase rigor edutopia. Integrating cognitive rigor with webbs depth of knowledge. Webb s depth of knowledge model english language arts 3. Requires students to recall, observe, question, or represent facts or simple skills or abilities. Dok will also influence the instructional strategies you use. A guide for using webbs depth of knowledge with common core.
Hess, carlock, jones, and walkup 2009 we have pulled out math. Bloom s verbs indicate the level of performance or the level of questioning. Sep 04, 2014 webbs depth of knowledge gives you a framework and common language to make that happen in your classroom. The cognitive rigor matrix assists applying cognitive rigor in the classroom. As students progress through the levels, they will face contexts that demand. Putting dok into practice with hess cognitive rigor matrix dr. Webb, a senior research scientist and mathematics educator from the university of wisconsinmadison webb, 1997, developed a process and criteria for systematically analyzing the alignment between curriculum standards and assessments. Depth of knowledge rigor chart and checklist use the following chart to help create and categorize assessment items. Norman webb and flip chart developed by myra collins.
Applying webbs depthofknowledge dok levels in reading according to norman l. Webb s depth of knowledge dok model looks at the cognitive expectations within academic standards, curricular activities, and instructional learning tasks. Examples of verbs that represent each level in webbs depth of knowledge can be found in the information that follows. Depth of knowledge dok offers a common language to understand rigor, or cognitive demand, in assessments, as well as curricular units, lessons, and tasks. Depth of knowledge dok adapted from the model used by norman webb, university of wisconsin, to align standards with assessments used by the council of chief state school officers ccsso for.
Depth of knowledge dok levels for science according to norman l. From depth of knowledge descriptors, examples and question stems for increasing depth of knowledge in the classroom developed by. Webb s depth of knowledge focuses on the complexity of standards in order to successfully complete an assessment or a task. The depth of knowledge corresponds to the content complexity of a particular educational material. Applying webbs depth of knowledge dok levels in reading according to norman l. Webb s depth of knowledge assessment tracking sheets are designed to help educators measure the cognitive rigor of specific questions in various assessments. The range of rigor of the assessment items should reflect the rigor of the course content and instruction. Webbs depth of knowledge many factors contribute to the achievement gap the achievement gap stems from both home and schoolbased factors. Teaching with depth an understanding of webbs depth of knowledge. Webb depth of knowledge levels for four content areas, march 28, 2002, interpreting and assigning depth of knowledge levels to both objectives within standards and assessment items is an essential requirement of alignment analysis. Dok offers a common language to understand rigor, or cognitive demand, in assessments, as well as curricular units, lessons, and tasks. Norman webb s depthofknowledge dok schema has become one of the key tools educators can employ to analyze the cognitive demand complexity intended by the standards, curricular activities, and assessment tasks. Tasks at this level require recall of facts or rote application of simple procedures.
Webbs depth of knowledge level1 recall and reproduction. One useful tool, norman webb s depth of knowledge levels, can help teachers meet that challenge. Webbs depth of knowledge dok depth of knowledge or dok is another type of framework used to identify the level of rigor for an assessment. This article has been updated to remove a link to an image called the depth of knowledge wheel, which misrepresents norman webbs ideas. Use information or conceptual knowledge, two or more level 2 steps, etc. Depth of knowledge dok categorizes tasks according to the complexity of thinking required to successfully complete them. Applying webbs depthofknowledge dok levels in reading. Webbs depth of knowledge dok dok is the degree of depth or complexity of knowledge standards and assessments require. Identify recall collecting classifying organizing and comparing data. As an educator, thinking about the assessment items in this manner can help distinguish exactly what student are expected to accomplish when approaching each item. Hess cognitive rigor matrices for elasocial studies, writing, and mathscience. The purpose of the dok framework though originally developed for mathematics and science standards, dok has been adapted for use in all subjects and is. Webb depthofknowledge levels for four content areas, march 28, 2002, interpreting and assigning depthofknowledge levels to both objectives. An example initiating depth of knowledge in the 21st century classroom.
From depth of knowledge descriptors, examples and question stems for increasing depth of knowledge in the classroom developed by dr. Introduction to webbs depth of knowledge levels mathematics depth of knowledge levels level 1 recall includes the recall of information such as a fact, definition, term, or a simple procedure, as well as performing a simple algorithm or applying a formula. This body of work offers the depth of knowledge dok model employed to analyze the cognitive expectation demanded by standards, curricular activities and. A good visual on blooms taxonomy vs depth of knowledge. Webbs depth of knowledge includes four levels, from the lowest basic recall to the highest extended thinking. Webbs definition of depth of knowledge is the degree or complexity of knowledge that the content. The task does not require any cognitive effort beyond. How depth of knowledge drives learning and assessment. Level of complexity measures a students depth of knowledge key verbs that may. Applying webbs depth of knowledge dok levels in science karin k.
Karin hess combined blooms taxonomy and webbs depth of knowledge into a single chart which she calls a cognitive rigor matrix. Webb 1997 developed a process and criteria for systematically analyzing the alignment between standards and standardized assessments. Mar 28, 2017 both bloom s taxonomy and webb s depth of knowledge have made a significant impact on teaching and education. One of the critical models for understanding cognitive rigor is norman webbs depth of knowledge dok framework. The department of education feels the dok levels not only provide for a greater depth and breadth of. Webbs depth of knowledge level 2 skills and concepts summarize the story in your own words. The bestknown work in this area, that of norman webb 1997, 1999, compelled states to rethink the meaning of test alignment to include both the content assessed in a test item and the depth. Blooms taxonomy and webbs depth of knowledge pdf download click here. In 2002 webb published his paper depth of knowledge in the four content areas in which he not only describes how depth of knowledge can be addressed in all the content areas but also established the following levels within his model. Level learner action key actions sample question stems question numbersportfolio components level 1.
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